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Relationship

CORRELATION STUDIES IN EDUCATION

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ABSTRACT This paper reviewed importance of correlation studies in educational research. The paper concluded that correlation is used to find relationship between variables, determined degree of association etc. and recommendation was made at the end of the paper. INTRODUCTION Correlational study is very important in research. This is obvious in the ways it has been used in researches today in sciences, education, engineering etc. correlational study is used to find relationships between variables, degree of relationships, association among parameters, existing influences between variables, determine the degree of freedom, variability in performance, strength of variations in strength of relationships. The correlation is one of the most common and most useful statistics. A correlation is a single number that describes the degree of relationship between two variables. IMPORTANCE OF CORRELATION Darko and Ansa-Asare (2009) cited the use of correlation to establish relationships and interactions between parameters. Correlation does not only used to find out relationship that exists between variables, it can also be used to determine the degree of relationships and variability between students’ performance in examination as opined by Oluwatayo (2007). Abe (2007) confirmed that correlation can be used to determine the strength of relationship between subjects and variations in strength of relationships of scores in subjects. Correlation is a good instrument to be used to analyse relationship between performances of students as observed by Ige (2007). Boampong, Acquah and Achiamaa (2009) used correlation to assess linear association among studied quantitative parameters. Boampong, Acqua, Sam-Awortwi and Ofori (2010) stated that correlation could be used to test for association among measured parameters. Correlation allows the researcher to investigate naturally occurring variables that maybe unethical or impractical to test experimentally. For example, it would be unethical to conduct an experiment on whether smoking causes lung cancer. Mcleod (2008) opined that correlation identifies variables and looks for a relationship between them. Correlation allows the researcher to clearly and easily see if there is a relationship between variables. This can then be displayed in a graphical form. The correlation is one of the most common and most useful statistics. He stressed further that correlation is a single number that describes the degree of relationship between two variables. Lanthier (2011) looked at correlation as a way to measure how associated or related two variables are. She explains further that in a correlational study, the researcher is measuring conditions that already exist and finding out in what way pairs of variables are related. Lanthier (2011) opined that the researcher looks at things that already exist and determines if and in what way those things are related to each other and that, purpose of doing correlations is to allow us to make a prediction about one variable based on what we know about another variable. She believed when we know there is a correlation between two variables, we can make a prediction. We can make predictions about things when we know about correlations. If two variables are correlated, we can predict one based on the other. Mcleod (2008) observed that an important area where correlation is widely used is in the study of intelligence where research has been carried out to test the strength of the association between the I.Q. levels of identical and non-identical twins. Correlation research is a form of analysis in which you correlate one variable with another to determine if there is a relationship between them. It is used as a first step prior to experimentation, when experiments cannot be conducted (for ethical or practical reasons). In correlation research you do not manipulate a variable, you gather information through: Observation, Surveys or Questionnaires, and Information Correlation is concerned with describing the degree of relationship between variables. Researchers can use one variable to make predictions about another variable, that correlation can be used to find interrelation between variables. Minium, King & Bear (1993) posited that correlation can be used mainly to determine the degree of association between variables, and also to make prediction about an event. To establish reliability of a test, for example, we would want to know the extent of initial performance on the same test at a subsequent time. Minium et al (1993) opined that correlation is used in determining the degree of association between two variables and predicting a person’s standing in associated variable. John and Arthur (1991) viewed that when two variables are examined for their correlation; it is usually for the purpose of predicting one of them. Most correlation studies are initiated based on the desire to examine and explain the changing value of this variable. Horst (1963) said correlation measures the co variation in the magnitude of two things. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Correlation is very important in educational research as it could be used to find out relationship between variables, determine degree of association, for prediction about one variable and strength of a relationship. Having reviewed role of correlation in educational research it is therefore suggested that institutions of learning should design a course especially for correlation study. This will help students to apply correlation statistics correctly in research.

REFERENCES Abe, T.O (2007). Skewness and Kurtosis of School- based – Assessment scoresAs determinants of the need for moderation. International Journal of Research in Education 4(1&2) 40-46 Boampong, J.N,Acquah, S & Achiamaa, A(2009). A Cross- Sectional Study Of Home-based Management of Malaria in Bakaano, a suburb of Cape Coast, Ghana: Recognition of Signs, Symptoms and Treatment Options. Journal of Ghana Science Association. 11(2)50-57 Boampong,J.N,Acquah, S,Sam-Awortwi, E.N & Ofori,M.F (2010). A PreliminaryStudy of Association of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate with Malaria-Specific Immunoglobulin G and Malaria-induced Anaemia. Journal of Ghana Science Association. 12(1)89-98 Darko,H.F&Ansa-Asare,O.D (2009). Chlorophyll-A, Concentrations in Relation to Water Quality and Trophic Status in the Weija Reservoir from 2005-2008. Journal of Ghana Science Association. 11(2)7I-81 Horst, P (1983). Matrix Algebra for Social Scientists, New York: Holt,Rinehart, and Winston. Ige, O.O (2007). Statistical Analysis of the Relationship between Students’Performance in English and Mathematics in some Selected Secondary Schools in Osun State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Education. 4(172)164-171

John, E. H & Arthur, G.R (1991). Linear Equations. Understanding business Statistics. USA. Richard, D. Irwin Inc. 450. Lanthier, E (2011). Correlation. Retrieved from http://www.nvcc.edu/home/elanthier/methods/correlation.html Mcleod, S (2008). Correlation. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/correlation.html Minium, E.W, King, B.M &Bear, G (1993). Correlation. Statistical Reasoning In Psychology and Education. John Wiley & son Inc. Canada. Oluwatayo, J.A(2007). Comparative Analysis of Students’ Performance in Chemistry in WAEC and NECO Senior School Certificate Examination International Journal of Research in Education 4(1&2)194-200

Relationship

Rebound Relationships Can Help You Get Your Ex Back

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If your relationship has turned sour recently and your boyfriend or husband has chosen a rebound relationship, how do you go about getting him back? A rebound relationship is where someone dates another person soon after splitting up with their partner, to try and get over their ex. These types of relationships offer a break from the many emotions you go through after a break up. When someone needs help moving on from real love, they can turn to a rebound relationship.

And this point is important in getting him back. The fact that he is in a rebound relationship to get over breaking up with you, speaks volumes. The cause of the breakup doesn’t matter. If it was you or him that announced the split, still does not matter.

Looking beyond the cause of the split, you can see that it was real love. If you remember one thing from this article, remember this; true love almost always has a way of being saved. The rebound relationship will make him think about the things that went wrong in the relationship he had with you.

If he has picked a rebound partner completely the opposite of what you are like, this is normal because he will be trying to have less reminders of you. At this point he will be noticing the differences between his rebound partner and you, which is great for you for two reasons.

1. He cant help but think about you when he is around her.
2. It gives you an insight into what he is thinking.

If he has chosen someone as different as you can get to yourself, then it might be a hint that he felt he was missing something. If you think this rings true, try using the time you have apart to make improvements in your own life. Don’t try to break the new relationship up. The more time he spends with his new partner, the more flaws he will start to notice in her.

After a little while, he will start to think of you as the better relationsihp option. This is the main reason you want him to do whatever he is going to do. He will come to the conclusion that he misses you, all by himself. When he does come back asking for you, you wont need to play hard to get.

Just focus on the improvements that you have made for yourself and he will do all the chasing. When your ex moves on to a rebound relationship, know that you can get back together at some point. Keep in mind that for him to be in this type of relationship means that he had strong feelings for you when you were together and he still has them.

Relationship

Are You In A One-sided Relationship – Are You Still You After All This Time

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While some people can immediately identify a person with whom they would never be compatible, many suffer from low self-esteem and end up changing their own personalities, wants and actions to fit their partner. It is true that almost any successful relationship requires a certain amount of flexibility and compromise; but if a person is required to alter themselves greatly in order to maintain the relationship often something is wrong. The changes that occur in many of these cases can be so subtle and over such a great length of time, that often the people changing are unaware of how different they have become.
In order to understand how a person can be involved in such a relationship, it is important to remember that many of the people who experience this had a problem before the relationship began:

Insecurity: Many people in our society suffer from one form of insecurity or another; abnormal physical traits; lack of proper education; difficulty with communication and poor support network are just a few of the causes of such feelings. In order to have a strong enough sense of self that a person would never allow themselves to be overhauled by another person they must, for the most part, like who they are. The image that many people have of themselves is a very poor one and this makes it easy for others to prey upon their weakness. Unfortunately, in many cases, the addition of a stronger partner allows the more insecure person to hang all of their self esteem on the fact that their partner would have them; this is not a healthy way to depend on another person for support and in most cases will lead to disaster as it does not usually help to create strength and confidence.

Psychological Damage: A problem that often stems from an abusive relationship, a damaged psyche makes for an excellent weakness for others to prey on. We have heard this referenced many times in society by referring to the ugly duckling syndrome i.e. a person who once thought of them self as unattractive and became so used to dealing with this poor self image that when they became more attractive, by society’s standards, they did not act in the normal way an attractive person would. This by many people’s definition is an attractive person who retains a poor self image; therefore the person will have lower standards when it comes to dating. Many different types of trauma can cause a person to feel unworthy of attention and react in an unhealthy way when it received; this makes a perfect breeding ground for people who are looking for a person that they can control in a relationship; because they lack the self esteem to refuse.

Not all one-sided relationships are obvious or extreme, in fact more often the problems are numerous but very subtle. This can create an underlying feeling that something is wrong with the relationship, though many people struggle to understand exactly what that problem is. There are a few large and regular parts of relationships that are reoccurring and therefore when dominated can create an ongoing problem:

Where you live: In relationships where one person is dominant evidence of this imbalance can be seen in the home they share. The more dominant person will often choose everything from wall paint to major appliances; none of which seem to reflect the weaker person’s personality. To assume that dcor is an indication of such a relationship would not be completely accurate as in some cases one person does not have strong feelings about their belongings; however even those with little or no interest often have some reflection of their personality in their home.

What you do: Often in a one-sided relationship most or all of the activities the couple participates in revolve around one person. This allows for even greater destruction of the original, weaker partner and ultimately a great path to depression. Enduring this kind of change is difficult because not only does the weaker partner watch their own interests dissolve; but often they do not feel as close to the person they love as they cannot share their true desires with them.

Conversation: Whether you’re out with friends or staying at home in a relationship of this kind one partner rarely communicates what they are thinking or feeling. Often friends or relatives will notice when these changes occur because they can see a person retreating not just into themselves, but into their partner’s thoughts and feelings. Often the weaker partner will only speak when discussing issues that their partner finds interesting, giving up entirely on what they once find enjoyable or exciting.
If you have felt that any of these situations apply to your own relationship review this quick checklist to see some of the most typical points of view from those who observe this kind of behavior:

1.I always or often speak only about the things my partner is interested in.
2.I always or often only talk about my partner.
3.All or most of the things I do for fun I do with my partner.
4.All or most of things I do for fun are because of my partner.
5.If I look around my home I see little or no sign of my own taste.
6.When spending money on frivolous items they are usually for my partner.
7.My partner does most of the talking when we are together.
8.I do not often tell my partner how I feel.
9.My partner does not usually notice when something is bothering me.
10.My partner never or does not often compliment me.
11.I never feel happy/I only feel happy when my partner is giving me attention.
12.I have little or no interests outside of my relationship.
13.My partner does not often or never gives me gifts that are only for me.
14.My friends and/or family think that I have changed a lot since entering my relationship for the worse.
15.My other relationships have weakened since entering the one with my partner.
16.When asked what I want I usually look at my partner.
17.I no longer resemble who I was when I met my partner.
18.I tend to think of my partner before I ever think of myself.
19.I dress in the way my partner prefers even if I do not.
20.I no longer know what makes me, me.

If you find that any of these statements are true it might be a sign that either you need change your relationship, or you need to break it off. Enduring this kind of life is not healthy nor does it have much of a chance of making you happy. It is possible that your partner did not mean to become the dominant presence in your relationship and if brought to their attention they might be eager to help you become a stronger person. There are many different ways in which a person who finds themselves in this situation can change things, try to figure out what works best for you and take the necessary steps to make your life better.

Trust those who know you best: Outside of your relationship it is good to have at least one person with whom you can be honest and trust completely. Asking this person how they view your relationship and the changes that have occurred during the time you’ve been in it can be an excellent way to gain the insight required for change.

Perfection Reflection: Write down what you believe the basics are for an ideal relationship and see how they compare with your current one. Though no relationship is perfect and they often take a great deal of work, this should be equally divided amongst both people, not hoisted onto one.

Self Image: Begin an activity or project that has nothing to do with your partner, but is something that you are interested in. As this interest grows in something outside of your relationship you might find a little of the old you returns. Learn to like who you are and the wonderful qualities that make you unique; this may be difficult at first and might even require some changing (again,) but in the end you must be able to like yourself if you hope to remain who are.

Speak with your partner about how you feel: Whether or not you believe you can make your relationship work it is often helpful to tell your partner how you feel about the situation. Though you might not find the support you hoped for it is advisable to know where you partner stands on making you happy. Give your partner the opportunity to help you feel better about yourself and your relationship, or the very least know that they are a large part of how you ended up feeling the way that you do.

Without taking steps to reconstruct yourself in happier, healthier way you may never be able to enjoy life in or out of your relationship. Though it can be difficult to muster the courage to change your life, the knowledge that a happier you could exist might give you the strength need to take action. Good luck and much strength to all of you who are brave enough to take on the challenge.

Relationship

Get Your Girlfriend Back Fast – Why You Cannot Convince Her To Come Back To You

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I want you to think about something for a minute here. I want you to really think about how much it hurts to know that you and your girlfriend have broken up. Think about what it will feel like when you hear it through the grapevine that she is now dating someone else. Do you want to just let this happen, or are you READY to do something about it so that you DO get her back?

When a relationship ends, men come up with one idea and they usually stick to it. And it is the WRONG idea. That idea is, they try to convince their ex girlfriend to take them back. Whether it is through writing a letter, trying to get her to talk on the phone or through text messages, most guys will try to go the route of using logic to convince their ex girlfriend on why she should take them back.

And you know what?

It almost NEVER works. I would be pleasantly surprised if it even worked 10 percent of the time. You need a better strategy, and you need to really know WHY it is that you cannot convince your ex girlfriend to take you back through LOGICAL reasoning.

FEMALE ATTRACTION IS EMOTIONAL…

If you try to speak “logic” to your ex girlfriend, it is kind of like trying to speak Spanish to someone that only understands Russian. There is no common ground there, really. See, women, they way that they are attracted to a man, is almost all about emotions. And men, they try to repair a relationship through logic.

Do you SEE the disconnection there?

When you are trying to convince a woman to take you back, the message is falling on deaf ears. She is not feeling what you are saying, and the more and more that you talk to her and try and make her take you back, the stronger that disconnection becomes. And it will ultimately lead to her NEVER coming back to YOU.

WHAT SHOULD YOU DO TO GET YOUR GIRLFRIEND BACK?

You need to know how to trigger the right emotions in your ex girlfriend. You need to know how to use the female psychology of attraction to make it become YOUR best friend, and make her start to FEEL a certain way when she thinks of YOU. This is how you are going to plant the seed of desire and make her WANT to get back with you.

Relationship

Is Your Ex Love Partner Leading You On For A Making Up Relationship

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Sometimes after a break up your ex will still do things or act as if theyre back in a relationship with you. This can often drag on for a long time while youre hoping the day comes when they will finally want to get back together. Often however, this doesnt happen. Be careful your ex isnt just stringing you along for their own enjoyment.

Here are some signs to watch out for:

Your ex continues to contact you and want you to do things for them even though theyre in. This is common especially when they know you have deep feelings for them and you dont want to let go of the relationship. They are taking advantage of the situation and merely enjoy the attention theyre getting. They continue to tell you they love you and even want to be physical with you, but when asked for commitment, they back away cold. This can be very confusing and hurtful.

Your ex is enjoying the fact that they can have you whenever they want without the responsibilities of a full relationship. They are hanging onto you until something better comes along. Dont allow this to continue. When you always go out of your way to help your ex but when tables are turned, they leave you fending for yourself. If all they do is come up with excuses when you need their help, its time to rethink what youre doing. This is a one-sided relationship, what are YOU getting out of it?

When your ex is genuinely confused about their feelings, in some instances your ex might really be confused about what they want. Sometimes people hate to admit they were wrong in the first place. Your ex might have feelings for you, they might even think theyve made a mistake, but theyre uncertain how to tell you. Its best to get your feelings out in the open and confront your ex. If theyre not just stringing you along, they will honestly not want to hurt you anymore. Want to know how to get your ex to admit they were wrong without them losing face? This would be your situation and you might not even be aware of it.
Win Back Love shows you how to get your ex to do what you want without needing to say a thing to them.

Getting back with your ex could be such a tricky task. There are a lot of do’s and don’t that you have to follow. In order to get your ex to fall back in love with you, you need to do only right things and avoid no-nos. There are only two results you can get: either your ex falls back in love with you and understands how precious you are or he feels strongly that the relationship is indeed over.

Usually, the first step in fixing a relationship and win your girlfriend back is by analyzing what went wrong. Ask yourself if she doesn’t like you in a romantic way anymore, if there is another girl or another guy, if there was a change in her life that made it hard for her to handle a relationship, such as moving to another state to attend college, or if you’ve done things that drove her crazy, like cheating on her or constantly flirting with other girls in the club.

To get your ex to fall back in love with you there are some things you should definitely do or avoid:

Do’s:
1. Take responsibility for your action.
Was the end of your relationship your fault? If it were, for whatever reason, go to your ex-boyfriend and have a heart-to-heart talk. Then apologize. Saying you’re sorry lets your ex knows that you are acknowledging your mistake and that you do so because you still care.

2. Show confidence.
No matter how nasty the breakup is, don’t be afraid to go up to your ex whenever you see him around the neighbourhood. Show him that you are confident with yourself as you were before. Don’t show you are afraid, unsure, or have doubts of what you would say if and when you see him around or talk to him again. Go up to him and act as if there’s nothing wrong or ugly that came between you two. Show him that all is forgiven and you’re willing to start anew.

3. Be the person he fell in love with.
After several months of being in a relationship, you should know by now the qualities your ex-partner liked about you. Keep those traits forward. When your ex sees the person he was in love with, it would be easier for him to take you back than to lose you again forever.

Those are the do’s of bringing back your ex. Now here are the don’ts:

Don’ts:

1. Don’t be over eager.
If you show your ex-partner over eagerness to get back with him there are high chances that you would be played for a fool. Or he could take advantage of you this time around. Show him that you’re cool if you’re back with him and its okay if that won’t happen. Leave the impression that other individuals are interested with you anyway and you just thought you have to give him that elusive second chance.

2. Don’t show your ex that you are desperate.
If you show your ex partner your weaknesses, he will go as far away from you as possible. Why? It is because people don’t want to get involved with weaklings. If you are going to depend on your partner for strength, he will run out of it in the long run. And this is something he doesn’t want to happen. Don’t show your ex-partner your desperation. If you do, he’ll just say that you two are totally over and you just have to accept that and move on.

Carry these out and expect favourable results.

The next and final step in winning her back is by proceeding with the attraction techniques. You have to remember that you shouldn’t directly ask her to get back with you and rekindle things with her but try showing her the things she is missing if you were her boyfriend. What this means is show the positive qualities you have, like being funny, confident and exciting. In short, show her how much fun you can give her.

However, the tips above are just some basics. There are is one eBook on the internet that go much more into detail. A friend of mine got her ex-boyfriend back by using the tips provided in the eBook:

Indeed, life is short. Don’t let another day go by without taking a chance on happiness. You will never know until you try, so remember to make a move today. It can change or affect the rest of your life, therefore, at the very least, you can try to come out something for your ex love partner during your weekend plans. With a little practice, perseverance and patience, I believe that your relationship could be enhanced with the tips that I have shared earlier. If you have faced any problems with your loved ones, do not hesitate to visit this piece of article again. I really have a strong belief that if you can understand what I have explained and applied what you have learnt from this piece of article, your problems can be eventually solved and your making up relationship can become more stable and stronger. I wish all the best for your making up relationship with your partner. Do always remember to spread word of mouth to your fellow friends for supporting the decision of having making up than breaking up.

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